Thursday, November 21, 2013

Book of Baruch

Click here for the Book of Lamentations.



CHAPTER 1

Here it is: the seventh and last Bible book in the Catholic Bible but not in the Protestant or Jewish Bible.  We only have record of it in ancient Greek, not Hebrew or Aramaic, and that’s why it’s not in the other Bibles.

Fun fact: Baruch is one of the only (maybe the only) Biblical characters we have an actual autograph for.  When digging through ancient ruins, someone unearthed a cuneiform scroll (which people used to affix their names to documents) to Baruch.  I forget what exactly what it was – “Baruch, son of Neriah, son of Mahsieh” or something like that which indicates that this Baruch is the Bible’s Baruch.

It’s neat because not only does he have his own Bible book, but he’s arguably the guy who wrote much of the Bible.  Biblical scholar Richard Elliot Friedman advanced the argument that Jeremiah wrote Deuteronomy and the entire cycle of history books from the Deuteronomic point of view (Joshua, Judges, the Samuels and the Kings).  Since Jeremiah appears to have used Baruch as a scribe (in the Book of Jeremiah) that means Baruch was the guy who wrote it down for him.

Maybe.  Jeremiah as the author is just a theory. 

I thought I’d note that here, but it has nothing to do with this book.  In fact, Baruch has nothing to do with the Book of Baruch.  This is a strange and utterly inessential Bible book.  Though only six chapters long, it’s a compilation of four different things, none of which seem to have anything to do with each other.  Most mention Baruch or are supposedly by Baruch, but that could easily be utter fiction. 

The first document is a letter from Baruch in Babylon to Jerusalem.  The only thing interesting is that Baruch is supposedly in Babylon, when we know that Jeremiah fled to Egypt. 

This is just the same theology we’ve already read in Jeremiah and Lamentations and much of Psalms.  Except it was better put in all of those places.  Short version: God punished the Jews because they deserved to be punished.

CHAPTER 2

Remember that letter I was just talking about?  It keeps going.  Oh, and just like we were told in Lamentations, this part insists that the baby-eating by new moms foretold in Deuteronomy actually happened.  This particular reference to cannibalism doesn’t hold much weight, as it may have been written so very long after the fact.  Perhaps the book was originally written in ancient Hebrew, but I don’t see much evidence for it. The grab bag nature of the Book of Baruch makes me think that this is just a collection of stuff not good enough to make it into other Bible books.

CHAPTER 3

Among other annoying parts of this book, the chapter breaks really suck.  The letter we began Baruch with ends at verse 8 here.  What – it would’ve killed you to let Chapter 2 go eight verses longer and then give us a nice, clean, sensible chapter break?

With the end of the letter, we get our second random source.  It’s a poem praising wisdom.  Well, that’s nice, but we’ve already had tons of commentary about how wonderful wisdom is earlier in the Bible.  This adds nothing to it. 

One random thing: the underworld is referred to as Hades, not Sheol.  Remember folks – our only sources for this book are in ancient Greek, not Hebrew.

CHAPTER 4

Naturally, the poem about wisdom doesn’t end with the conclusion of Chapter 3.  It has to end weirdly in the middle of Chapter 4.  Look, there are plenty of times in the Bible that chapter breaks are weird, bizarre, and clearly sub-optimally placed.  But I don’t complain about them too much usually because there is usually something of note in the material.  Not in Baruch.  The material is utterly flaccid.

Oh, our third document begins, and it’s a weird poem.  It’s called Baruch’s Poem of Consolation.”  Baruch addresses the scattered Jews.  Then Jerusalem addresses – yes, the city itself speaks – to its neighbors.  Then our gabby Jerusalem talks to the scattered Jews.  Then Baruch addresses the city. 

Uh, OK.  Sure, why not?

CHAPTER 5

This is the rest of the poem.  It’s just nine verses long.  Apparently, you couldn’t add the last nine verses to the previous chapter, for no apparent reason.

CHAPTER 6

And now, in a massive change of pace to everything that’s previously happened in Baruch – we get a well-timed chapter break!  The fourth document begins with the start of a new chapter.  Why couldn’t they do that with the other documents?  I have no idea, but they didn’t.  Also, it’s 72 verses, so the longest document of all, yet it’s the one that is contained in just one chapter.  Again – why bother having that nine-verse Chapter 9?

As for the material, it’s a letter from Jeremiah.  Well, it’s supposed to be Jeremiah, but it seems like a clear forgery.  Put the words in the name of the now-respected prophet in order to give them more weights – that’s an old trick of forgers. 

This seems to be a forgery not only because Jeremiah never once insults the Hebrew.  (He’s Jeremiah!  Insulting the Hebrew is what he does!)  No, it’s more than that.  Jeremiah spends virtually the entire letter insulting the Babylonians.  Problem: he’s not in Babylon.  This is written by someone with enough experience to really get sick of them due to long-term proximity.  So, not Jeremiah.

It’s almost all an attack on idolatry.  Again, this is another Baruch chapter with a theme we’ve seen tons of before. 

It has one nice line.  “Jeremiah” insults the priests of Babylon, saying: “Their tongues are smoothed by woodworkers, they are covered with gold and silver.”  The notion of a silver-tongued orator I’ve heard before, but not “smoothed by woodworkers.”  I like that.

CONCLUDING THOUGHTS

Blah.  This might be the least essential book in the Bible so far.  At least Chronicles tries to tell a history (though one already told in the Bible).

This is a grab bag of themes we’ve already seen tons of before, and all better done that as expressed in Baruch.  I don’t believe any of them come from Baruch of Jeremiah.  It’s just an utterly useful Bible book.  It’s in the Catholic Bible only, a point that is a clear advantage of Protestants and Jews. 




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