Wednesday, November 13, 2013

Jeremiah: Chapters 1 to 6

Here is the end of Isaiah.  Now for the next prophet - Jeremiah.



CHAPTER 1

Here it is – the Cassandra of ancient Judah: Jeremiah. 

There is quite a bit more biographical info about him than there was about Isaiah, and it starts off like a biography.  The first biographical parts might seem dry, but they are actually really important.  We’re told that he is the son of a priest named Hilkiah and became a prophet during the reign of Josiah.

OK, let’s unpack all of this.  Josiah’s reign?  That’s a big, important time.  He’s the Bible’s favorite king of the divided kingdom era.  He is promoted heavily in the historical books as the ideal king.  He was the big religious reformer.  During his reign, priests uncovered a seemingly lost book of wisdom from Moses (a book scholars universally regard to be Deuteronomy, as it says all the stuff that Josiah actually does in his period of reform). 

That “lost” book of Deuteronomy was presented to Josiah by a priest in verse 4 of Chapter 22 in Kings II.  That priest’s name?  Hilkiah.  That’s right – the same name as Jeremiah’s dad, who is also listed as a priest – and Jeremiah himself becomes a prophet of the Lord during the reign of Josiah.

Coincidence?  Well – part of it could be, actually.  There could always be a second priest named Hilkiah.  Stranger things have happened.  But it sure sounds interesting, doesn’t it?  Jeremiah will be the prophet of the Deuteronomy reforms.  The Biblical scholar Richard Elliot Friedman has even argued that Jeremiah might be the actual author of Deuteronomy (and all the historical books that come after it – Joshua, Judges, the Samuels, and the Kings). 

All that, from those opening verses of dry biographical info.

On, and we’re told something else pretty interesting shortly after.  We’re told that God decided to make Jeremiah a prophet “before I formed you in the womb.”  Huh.  Isaiah mentioned something like this, but it was a throwaway comment in the midst of that never ending book.  This is the fifth verse of the first chapter – front and center for all to see.  St. Paul will later make a similar claim about himself, but the third person claim here just sounds more impressive.  And again, I don’t think St. Paul’s claim is so front and center.  So Jeremiah is a prophet’s prophet.

What will be the purpose of Jeremiah’s prophecy?  Will it be to guide the Jews to the Promised Land like Moses?  Will it be to shepherd them when they need help?  Will it be to provide solace for those in needs?  Eh, not so much.  For Jeremiah, the point will be, “to uproot and to tear down, to destroy and to demolish, to build and to plant.”  OK, that last bit sounds positive, but the main theme is of a Destroyer Prophet.  Don’t see too many of those, now do you? 

That is fitting though, because no prophet will have a rockier road of dealing with the masses than Jeremiah.  He is not only a doom saying, but he just really needs to read “How to Win Friends and Influence People.”  He is just so damn abrasive.  So it makes sense that he’s described in such contentious language right from the word go.

Jeremiah initially wants nothing to do with this, by the way.  Like Moses and Gideon before him, when he finds out he’s been called, Jeremiah tries to wiggle out of it.  God tells Jeremiah to overcome his fears and never worry – God will be with him.   God acknowledges that people will oppose him (naturally – Jeremiah will pronounce doom repeatedly) but God will always be with him.

This does a nice job setting up what kind of prophet Jeremiah will be.

CHAPTER 2

OK, so the first chapter does a nice job setting him up, but the second chapter provides the first real taste of Jeremiah. 

He starts off by calling the Hebrew a bunch of whores.  That’s his opening statement.  Well, officially, he begins by comparing the relationship between God and the Hebrew as a relationship between a husband and wife, but he then makes clear that the Jews prostituted themselves to any God who came their way.  So, yeah, they’re a bunch of whores.  This isn’t just me extrapolating.  Jeremiah specifically says, “you sprawled and served as a prostitute.”  Whores.  He then calls them a lust-filled camel.  Well, points for originality, I guess. 

It’s an effective diatribe, but I fear that Jeremiah is getting lost in the process and not thinking of the result.  Ask yourselves this – what’s the purpose of his prophecy?  What is his ultimate goal?  I assume it’s to get people to return to God.  He wants them to quit backsliding and go back to old school Deuteronomy-like worship. (Let’s never mind that Deuteronomy isn’t old school, and his just been written – possibly by this guy). 

Look, if you want people to return to the Lord, is this really the best way of going about it?  If you want to win someone over to your religion, should you really start off by saying, “Hey you!  The sprawled out whore with the morals of a lusty camel!  Worship God the way I do!”  Doesn’t that sound massively counterproductive to anyone else? 

You lead with the insult, and you make people defensive.  They are upset with you, and just shut down any/all arguments you make.  Like I said, he needs to read “How to Win Friends and Influence People” but good. 

It also makes you wonder about Jeremiah.  Part of being good at dealing with people is being able to relate to them.  Can you empathize with them?  Jeremiah pretty much can’t.  He relates to scripture and the word of the Lord (never mind that he may have written it). What he thinks is right is all there is to it.  Yeah, that isn’t that good.  He talks of people, but can’t relate to individual persons.

CHAPTER 3

Jeremiah again begins with the husband-wife analogy.  If a man divorces his wife and she leaves him, and then becomes the wife of another – can she return to the first?   That’s his analogy against the Hebrew.  They had God and they walked out on them, so screw them.  But modern day law, of course, would let them get back together.  We’re more forgiving that Jeremiah is.

Boy, he isn’t forgiving anyone.  He calls them whores again: “Raise your eyes to the heights and look, where have men not lain with you?”  Man, Judah – you humped men all over the landscape!  Glancing through it again, he uses the words “prostitute” or “prostitution” five times, traitor at least twice, and adultery once.  I’m probably missing some references, too.  All this in 10 verses.  Man, he his nasty.

Jeremiah does shift gears midway through and says how they can get back to the Lord.  So all his mean spirited insults earlier were for naught, eh?  But you must admit your guilt and go back to the pure ways. In other words, you have to admit your guilt, beg forgiveness, and act like that book of Deuteronomy says. 

CHAPTER 4

This is more prophecies of doom.  The big one is a more specific one.  Instead of just generalized bemoaning of the Hebrew, Jeremiah drops a bomb on them – they’ll be invaded from the North. And it won’t be pretty, either: “Up comes the lion from its lair, the destroyer of nations has set out, has left its place, to turn your land  into a desolation, your cities into an uninhabited waste.”  He means Assyria, I think.  Or Babylon.  Babylon actually will take over, but I forget if there’s another failed Assyrian attack to come before Babylon takes over.

But he makes the northern power sound like the machine from Terminator.  Babylon is a cyborg from the future come to fulfill God’s punishment upon his lusty camel of a chosen people.

And they are coming as God’s punishment.  The people have just sinned and turned away from God. 

CHAPTER 5

We get more denouncing of the Hebrew.  It starts off with Jeremiah saying, “Roam the streets of Jerusalem, look about and observe.  Search through her squares, to find even one who act justly and seeks honesty and I will pardon her!”  So there isn’t a single good person in Jerusalem.  I could be wrong, but I think Jeremiah’s folk are from Shiloh.  (checks Chapter 1).  It just says from the land of Benjamin there.  I wonder if there is some sort of territorial grudges going on around here – like Chicago versus downstate.  Benjamin is the small tribe and Jerusalem the big capital. 

You also get the most Jermemiah-esque Jeremiad that Jeremiah ever Jeremiaded: “Pay attention to this, you foolish and senseless people.”  That perfectly captures his spirit.  To be fair, he follows it up with a great couplet – here’s the full thing: “Pay attention to this, you foolish and senseless people, who have eyes and do not see, who have ears and do not hear.”  That’s well done, but he is suck a dick in the first half, who will still be hearing him out in the second half?

You know what I just realized?  Jeremiah is the MGL of the Bible.  MGL is a well-respected sabemetrician who does a lot of great research and is often right – just as Jeremiah is one of the great prophets who speaks with the word of the Lord.  But in both cases, people rarely pay attention to the meat of his message because they so dislike his tone of voice.  Threads on MGL’s comments are often a series of attacks on him for being a jerk, and Jeremiah sure won’t have many friends in this Bible.

CHAPTER 6

More doom.  We’re still in his visions of invaders from the North.  In this entire section of prophecy, I kept writing “Bummer” in the margins.  Jeremiah notes, “Be warned, Jerusalem, or I will be estranged from you, and I will turn you into a wilderness, a land where no one dwells.”  Bummer.

Later: “Yes, husband and wife will be taken, elder with ancient.  Their houses will fall to others, their fields and their wives as well.”  Bummer.  Also: “Elder with ancient.”  That seems botched up, like he was going to contrast two different things but screwed up and said the same thing twice.  Hey, who knows – maybe this is something that got messed up in translation 2,500 years ago and we’ve been stuck with it ever since.

Here’s a line I liked: “Therefore they will fall among the fallen.”  It’s not too ambitious, but I just like how it sounds.

Jeremiah moves in a different direction later on.  Oh, he’s still damn negative on the Hebrew, but he finds a particular focus for his wrath: hypocrisy.  He notes how people violate all God’s commandments and then figure they can just give a sacrifice and it’s all cool.  But Jeremiah, echoing previous Bible chapters (Isaiah?  Some of the wisdom books?  I forget, to be honest), says: “Your burnt offerings find no favor with me, your sacrifices do not please me.” 

This is an advancement on Hebrew theology.  Go back and read Leviticus.  It was all about actions.  It didn’t stress belief or morality so much right there.  Commit a misdeed – do the sacrifice.  That had the advantage of making the priest’s job important.  They were in charge of sacrifices after all. 

But for people like Jeremiah, that isn’t enough.  He’s had enough of people who don’t really feel the Lord inside them.  Heck, this simple version of religion is one reason so many are also able to dabble with other gods, like Baal.  After all, you just have to do the ritual to make it good with God, so why get too caught up in it.  Prophets like Jeremiah who emphasize a deeper level of religion will help make this religion stick.  It’s a big reason why the Jews do a much better job observing their Lord’s duties in the post-kingdom years, because they’re being held to a higher standard. 

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