Monday, November 4, 2013

Isaiah: Chapters 1 to 6

Click here for the end of Ben Sira.



CHAPTER 1

Isaiah hits the ground running.  By the fourth verse, the calls the people of Judah, “Ah! Sinful nation, people laden with wickedness, evil offspring, corrupt children!”  No, tell us what you really think.  Also: I really like the “Ah!” at the beginning.  It really helps establish an exasperated tone.

This book isn’t going to waste time setting up characters or the plot. Right into the main point – his prophesies.  It’s like a TV show that doesn’t waste time for establishing shots. 

And Isaiah soon launches into a main theme – a theme that not only is he famous for, but the prophets as a whole are famous for.  He calls for justice and morality to be made the center of the religion, and not just sacrifice and ritual.  It was the sacrifice and ritual that gave the priests their position.  For priests – like the author of Leviticus – these actions were the heart of religion.  But Isaiah counters, speaking for God when he proclaims: “What do I care for the multitudes of sacrifice? Says the Lord.  I have had enough of whole-burnt rams and fat of fatlings.  In the blood of calves, lambs and goats, I find no pleasure.” 

Want to know what you should do?  “Put away your misdeeds from before my eyes.  Cease doing evil, learn to do good.  Make justice your aim: redress the wronged.” 

Now that is a wonderful statement, isn’t it?  “Cease doing evil, learn to do good” has got to be one of the best lines of the entire Bible. 

Oh, there is also a line about “Your hands are full of blood!  Wash yourselves clean!”  When I read it, I wondered if this is where we get the notion of having blood on your hands, but then I remembered – no, that’s the story of Pontius Pilate and the fructification of Christ.  But this line in Isaiah really helps set up that one. I doubt that’s a coincidence.

This is a weird start.  Most of the Bible tells a story.  Even things like the Torah law code are incorporated into the series of books so it becomes part of a larger story.  A large part of the Bible’s appeal is that so much of it is framed as stories so you can relate to and remember.  That goes out the window here.  OK, it went out the window in most of the wisdom books, but those are just statements.  You’d think you could arrange the stories of a prophet in a chronological order – make it like a biography.  But the Bible opts not to do that.

But if you are going to avoid the story method, this is a really good way to begin with Isaiah.  You cut right to the chase and get at his central message.  Nice start.

CHAPTER 2

There are two parts to this chapter – the sunny side and the dark side. 

Isaiah leads with the positive approach.  He foresees a time when all will be right with the world.  God’s house will be on high and all nations will stream to it.  God will sit and judge over nations, and set terms for many people – not just Jews.  It will be a time of great peace, which allows Isaiah to unleash one of the most famous lines in the Bible: “They shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks.”  The first part is the famous part, of course. 

It’s a great image; one people have always aspired to – a time of peace and brotherhood.  Isaiah foresees it, and it’ll all be under God’s watch.

But that’s in the future.  The present sucks.  Enter the dark side of the chapter.  Isaiah notes how the people have forsaken their Lord.  The problems are the same things we saw back in the historical section of the Bible – which makes sense, given that Isaiah lived near the end of it (and was even mentioned during it).  The Hebrew are acting poorly. 

Isaiah thunders against the sins and issues of his day, and prophecies that God will have his say.  In fact, it’s some really riveting, eloquent stuff.  Imagine this pouring out of the mouth of, say, Martin Luther King Jr., or some other terrific speaker.  Isaiah says:

“For the Lord of hosts will have his day against all that is proud and arrogant, against all that is high and it will be brought lot. 

“Yes against the cedars of Lebanon and against all the oaks of Bashan.

“Against all the lofty mountains and all the high hills.

“Against every loft tower and every fortified wall.

“Against all the ships of Tarshish and all stately vessels.

“Then human pride shall be abased, the arrogance of mortals brought law, and the Lord alone will be exalted on that day.”

That is some damn fine stuff.  I just had to break it up into paragraphs by verse because I think the pauses help give it impact instead of making it a simple list.  The way Isaiah mentions all of the various places remind me of the “I Have a Dream” speech.  In fact, its passages like this that likely helped King develop his craft.  He was a preacher, after all.  He mentioned Isaiah in some of his speeches. 

Anyhow, while the future might look rosy, the present isn’t.  We’ll get there; but it’ll be a period of harsh judgment by God that gets us there.  Then we’ll reach the Promised Land.  (Hey, that’s another famous King speech).


CHAPTER 3


Isaiah has a nice way of referring to the Lord as “The Lord, the Lord of hosts.”  Yeah, I like that. 

This chapter is a strong denouncing of the sins of the Hebrew, and a promise to make them pay.  God will put boys as their princes, set the people against each other, and have Judah fall.  Really, this sounds more like something I’d expect from Jeremiah, who is known for being a real Debbie Downer. 

He spends a special section denouncing the women.  He says that when God rises up to punish them, this will be in store for the women: “Instead of perfume there will be a stench, instead of a girdle, a rope, and instead of elaborate coiffure, a baldness, instead of a rich gown, a sackcloth.  Then, instead of beauty, shame.”  He really has a problem with the efforts women make on their appearance.  I’ll point out they do it in response to male desires, but they’re the ones who get nailed for it by Isaiah.

CHAPTER 4

A short chapter – just six verses.  It summarizes what’s come before.  In short, life we be wonderful and glorious and puppies and unicorns and rainbows – but first we gotta purify everything.  First it’ll be hellish, but then “for the survivors” it will be “honor and splendor.”  So the destination is great, but the journey a nightmare.

CHAPTER 5

Parable time!  Isaiah tells us of a wonderful vineyard planted.  It was perfectly spaded and cleared and cared for – but all it provided was rotten grapes and garbage.  So what’s the parable – can you guess?

Yup, “The vineyard of thee Lord of hosts is the house of Israel, the people of Judah his cherished plant.  So the Hebrew are rotten grapes.  And the point is simple: if God has done such a great job caring for the vineyard, and you grapes are so lousy, which shouldn’t he plow it under and start a new batch?  He won’t wipe them out, but he’ll teach ‘em but good.  They’ll go into exile, many will go down into Sheol.  In the Promised Land, “young goats shall eat the ruins of the rich.”

Isaiah takes a big picture view and decries the people for their sins.  Again, this guy has a way with words.  Imagine this spoken by someone who knows how to give a sermon.  Martin Luther King Jr. is my default guy: “Ah!  Those who call evil good, and good evil, who change darkness to light, and light into darkness, who change bitter to sweet, and sweet into bitter!  Ah!  Those who are wise in their own eyes, prudent in their own view” – I just love Isaiah’s use of “Ah!” to punctuate his point.  It just lies there on the page, but that’s why you imagine someone saying it. 

Well, what about those guys, “Their root shall rot and their blossom scatter like dust; for they have rejected the instruction of the Lord of hosts.”  So they’re in for it. And the reason their in for it is they’ve acted poorly.  With the prophets, ethical conduct plays a big role in religion.  This is an evolution.  Earlier, it was just obedience to the Lord and following rituals.  Now it’s being a moral individual. 

I think it makes sense that the prophets come after the wisdom books.  The centrality those books place on wisdom serves as a bridge to the evolution theology of the Bible given by the prophets.

CHAPTER 6

This takes us back a bit.  Again, the prophet books aren’t necessarily written in chronological order, and this book gives us the early info on Isaiah.  God called him around the year 742 BC, and he initially couldn’t believe his ears.  Like Moses, he’s at first overwhelmed by the call, shouting, “Woe is me, I am doomed!  For I am a man of unclean lips, living among a people of unclean lips, and my eyes have seen the king, the Lord of hosts!” Well, an angel purifies him and tells Isaiah to get prophesizing.  

Click here for the next chunk of chapters.

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